激光電弧複合焊在船舶行業中的應用

2025-03-05

1.激光電弧複合焊發展情況隨着科技的進步和發展,船舶生產技術水平提高。造船材料與船舶設計,也隨着時間的變化而產生着改變。國務院辦公廳在十一五時期批准出臺的《船舶工業中長期發展規劃》中,清楚的提到了船舶工業規劃的指導和發展方向,其方針是深入改造、加速發展,堅定不移走新型產業化路線;同時增強了自主開發創新能力和船用裝備配套能力,用來提高中國船舶工業的核心競爭力;將“吸引來”和“走過去”兼顧,同時艦船製造公司要着重引入消化吸收模塊化舾裝、高效率焊接、切割等在艦船製造中的核心技術和發展我國現代化艦船製造工業生產經營管理方法。激光焊作爲一種新興的焊接工藝,逐步在各行業中嶄露頭角。激光焊具有焊接效率高,焊縫品質好,焊材損耗較小等優點。針對中厚板材料,激光電弧複合焊已成爲目前領先的焊接技術,正應用於航空航天、軍工、軌道交通、鋼結構、船舶製造等行業中。針對於船舶製造過程中的平面分段中船板的拼接焊,奔騰激光研發了高功率激光電弧複合焊接工藝,適用於船舶拼接焊的小車式激光電弧複合焊接機、大型龍門激光電弧複合焊接機等。機器人激光電弧複合焊接機激光電弧複合焊焊縫形態在傳統的船板拼焊中,一般採用埋弧焊或者氣保焊。傳統的埋弧焊無法實現單面焊雙面成形。在正面焊接完成後,需要翻面工序,再次進行背面焊接。拼焊的船舶面積大,板材厚度大,因此,翻面需要專用設備,價格高,使用過程具有一定的危險性。爲避免船舶平面分段生產製造的危險,國外船舶製造公司特別是歐洲部分船舶製造公司,先後引入了激光電弧複合焊工藝及裝備。2.小車式激光電弧複合焊接機小車式激光電弧複合焊接機是針對平面分段中船板拼焊工位設計。該設備在整體結構上與船舶埋弧焊小車類似。小車焊接機具有3個伺服軸,分別爲X、Y、Z軸。此外設備配備了焊縫跟蹤系統,可以實現對焊縫的實時監測,保證焊縫位置的精確度。在工藝方面,採用了激光電弧複合焊工藝,可以實現單面焊雙面成形。在激光功率方面,可搭配20KW-30KW激光器,實現6mm-30mm板材厚度的免翻面焊接。相比傳統焊接,焊材消耗降低了80%,電力消耗降低了40%。3.大型龍門激光電弧複合焊接機

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