全球原木材原料严重紧缺危及建材行业

据了解,中国原木材及下游产品主要的进口贸易国依次为马来西亚、印尼、美国、俄罗斯、泰国。其中印尼、马来西亚、泰国都是这次海啸的受害国,这些国家自身重建必将需要大量原木材,出口量必将受到影响,原木材价格也将受到冲击。

然而业界人士却认为海啸只是“压倒骆驼的最后一根稻草”。一位原木材贸易商表示,海啸对原木材进口的影响首先表现在心理上,去年国内大多数厂商都有库存,但担心今后原木材进口量会减少,闻风而动的出口商们就会抬升价格。

其实,从2004年春节后,地板原材料价格就普遍上涨,一年间涨幅有10%左右,个别品种甚至达到了20%以上。“东南亚的森林在多年来过量砍伐之后,迫于环保的压力,各国政府纷纷开始实施限制生产和出口珍贵原木材的政策。”该贸易商指出。以印尼为例,该国政府为了保护生态环境并维持合板及其他原木材加工产品价格,自2002年1月起,暂时禁止原木出口,并自2002年6月8日起永远禁止原木出口。而海啸过后因为重建,对原木走私痛下重手。

在巴西收购了1000平方公里森林资源,已经牢牢把握上游资源的上海安信地板有限公司董事长卢伟光表示,今年原木材价格会是一道门槛,把有资源和没资源的企业区分开。“我估计国内40%的地板企业会倒闭,而对于安信来说原木材价格的上涨反而是个利好消息。”卢伟光笑着说。

目前安信70%的原木材来自巴西,15%来自印度尼西亚,剩下的10%来自俄罗斯,非洲和缅甸合占了5%。日益收紧的东南亚货源已不能满足中国越来越大的进口原木材需求,但像卢伟光那样的成功案例还是凤毛麟角。

据悉,澳大利亚、欧洲、非洲、美洲的原木材早几年就已进入中国,目前进口量不断增加。在卢伟光看来“谁把握上游资源,谁才能赢得市场”。目前国内原木材价格的困局,也许会是一个很好的启示,把握资源同时也要分散采购渠道。

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