Core Tip: The temperature gradually rises in spring, and vegetable crops enter a period of vigorous growth and results, especially after the ground temperature rises, the evaporation of water increases, the humidity in the field is large, and it is also a period of high incidence of diseases. Adhering to the scientific measures of prevention and comprehensive control can not only eliminate the diseases in the bud in time, but also make the soil have a good environment and the root system have a safe growth space. Therefore, for greenhouse vegetable diseases in spring, we should focus on the word "prevention".

prevent diseases, start from cultivating strong trees

First, reduce pathogens and insect sources. First, before planting vegetables, sterilize and kill insects in the whole shed. Secondly, dip the medicine into the plate to reduce the invasion of foreign pathogens. There are four categories of commonly used products for dipping trays: fungicides, insecticides, rooting agents, and microbial fungicides. Vegetable farmers can choose and match reasonably according to the specific conditions of the shed. Do a good job of sealing the shed again. Set up more than 80 mesh insect-proof nets at the trend and front face to reduce pests flying into the shed for damage.

The second is to create a suitable vegetable growth environment. Common adversity includes high temperature and strong light, low temperature and low light, soil deterioration, etc. How to improve these has been described many times in this newspaper, and will not be repeated again.

The third is to cultivate strong plants. First, ensure the quality of input agricultural materials, ensure that vegetables are grown in different periods, and invest in an appropriate amount in a timely manner to ensure that the plants need nutrients. At the same time, they cannot destroy the environment for vegetable growth. Secondly, reasonable pruning and branching, reasonable fruit retention and other agricultural operations, so that plant nutrient growth and reproductive growth balance, normal fruit retention, do not increase the burden of plants.

four is the prevention of pesticides, fungal diseases should be mainly prevented, bacterial diseases are mainly treated mildly. Before the arrival of the high temperature season, the prevention of virus diseases cannot be relaxed.

Anti-root system to avoid weak respiration

Only when the soil has strong air permeability and the respiration of the root system is sufficient, the root absorption capacity is strong, and only when strong trees grow can the resistance of vegetables be improved and the yield can be increased. So, how to improve the air permeability of the soil?

First of all, increase the application of organic fertilizer, straw return to the field, and improve the organic matter content in the soil are fundamental measures to improve soil air permeability. Soil organic matter is an indispensable main component for the formation of soil agglomeration structure. The organic matter content is high, the soil is loose, the air permeability is good, and the crop yield is improved. Therefore, it is very necessary to increase the application of organic fertilizer and straw returning to the field to improve the soil and improve the soil permeability.

Secondly, change the flood irrigation to drip irrigation, and water reasonably. After the greenhouse vegetables grow, it is more difficult to cover the plastic film and loosen the soil in the middle tillage, and the soil compaction is not easy to break. Drip irrigation is different from flood irrigation. Drip irrigation can infiltrate the soil and have a destructive effect on soil compaction. The soil in the greenhouse using drip irrigation is looser and more breathable.

Again, reapply biological bacterial fertilizer to improve microbial activity. Increasing the application of organic fertilizers can promote the activities of microorganisms. As a result of microbial activities, in addition to increasing mineral nutrients and humus in the soil, it can also produce a variety of vitamins, antibiotics, auxin, etc., which have the functions of promoting root development, stimulating crop growth, and enhancing disease resistance.

prevent drug pests, the key points of spring shed vegetable management

With the increase in the amount of drugs used in the process of disease prevention and control, drug pests frequently appear, resulting in stagnation of vegetable growth and serious losses. In the management of vegetables in spring, how to avoid the occurrence of drug pests, the following aspects should be paid attention to:

Choose a good sprayer, and the power sprayer is the first choice for drug equipment because of its advantages such as high pressure, fine spray, time-saving and labor-saving. However, when choosing fuel-powered drug spraying, it is necessary to choose fine weather and use it under normal ventilation conditions. Furthermore, the choice of spray is based on the size of the sprayer pressure and the spray effect sprayed on the leaves. After the drug is sprayed on the leaf surface, a uniform water film is formed, and no large or small drug spots are the best.

Choose the spraying time. The spraying should be carried out on a sunny day, but avoid the high temperature period. After the spraying of the drug is completed, it is necessary to ensure sufficient ventilation time, so that the liquid not only infiltrates the leaves, but also the water evaporates for a long and short time, so as to achieve the best prevention and control effect. Especially when fumigant fumigation and disease prevention, the fumigation time should be strictly controlled to avoid the appearance of drug damage and smoke damage.

mixed types of drugs should not be too much, although there are times when a variety of diseases occur at the same time, but the mixed use of drugs should be reasonably selected, the mixed types should not be too much at one time, and do not increase the dosage at will. When a variety of diseases are mixed, classification and prevention can be carried out, and two diseases with serious diseases can be selected for mixed spraying prevention and control of different drugs at the same time.