体视显微镜立体显微镜解剖显微镜

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发布时间 : 2025-08-13

体视显微镜与普通生物显微镜的比较

体视显微镜的特点及使用方法

体视显微镜下的物像不是倒立的。通常,光线从物体斜上方照射在标本上,因而观察的是标本的表面。与普通生物显微镜相比,体视显微镜的焦点深度校大,可放置较大的样品,如茎、叶、花等植物器官,观察者还可以进行体视镜下的解剖操作。其放大倍数是物镜、变倍物镜和目镜三者的乘积。但物镜一般不使用,一旦使用物镜,则观察的视野小了,焦深也小了,视野中的光线也变暗了。

• 体视显微镜的特点

1. 双目镜筒中的左右两光束不是平行的,而是具有一定的夹角—体视角(一般为12度—15度),因此成像具有三维立体感;

2. 像是直立的,便于操作和解剖,这是由于在目镜下方的棱镜把像倒转过来的缘故;

3. 工作距离很长,视场直径大。

4. 焦深大,有助于观察被检物体的全层。

• 体视显微镜的使用方法

1、根据物体颜色,选择工作台黑白之一面,将所需观察的物体放在载玻片或培养皿中再放在工作台上。

2、选择适当的放大倍率,换上所需的目镜(10×或20×)。如在80×以下观察,则可取下2×大物镜,其有效工作距离为87mm,如加上2×大物镜,放大倍率可达160×,则有效工作距离为26mm,调节工作距离,可松开锁紧手轮,通过拉出或压入活动支柱来达到。

3、操作时,将物体移至工作台板中心位置,转动升降手轮,使左侧目镜能看到清晰的物像,如果右侧目镜的像不清晰,则可以转动目镜调焦环,使之得到与左侧目镜同样清晰的物像,这样就看到了具有立体感的清晰的物像,调焦工作基本完成。为得到适当的放大倍率,可通过转动倍调节圈,改变变倍物镜的放大倍率来达到。变倍物镜的放大倍率可以在读数圈上读取。在必要时,可调节直角棱镜组,改变目镜间的距离,以适合观察者双眼之上瞳孔距。松开支紧螺丝,可以使显微镜绕轴作任意位置的旋转。

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